Mastering Well Pump Surging: A Comprehensive Guide

Well pump surging is a common issue that can plague well systems, causing rapid fluctuations in water pressure and frequent cycling of the pump. This phenomenon can lead to increased wear and tear on the pump, as well as reduced water pressure and efficiency, ultimately impacting the overall performance and lifespan of the well system.

Understanding the Pressure Tank’s Role

The pressure tank is a crucial component in preventing well pump surging. This tank regulates the water pressure and prevents the pump from cycling on and off too frequently. To ensure optimal performance, the pressure tank should be set to a few psi less than the turn-on pressure of the pump.

For example, if the turn-on pressure of the pump is 40 psi, the pressure in the tank should be set to 38 psi. This can be achieved by adding air to the tank using a compressor and adjusting the needle valve until the pressure is just under the desired level.

To check the pressure of the tank, the pump should be turned off, and the water should be allowed to flow until the pressure drops to zero. The pressure can then be measured using a gauge attached to the needle valve. It’s important to note that the pressure tank should be drained and refilled periodically to remove any sediment or debris that may have accumulated.

Sizing the Pressure Tank

well pump surging

Another critical factor in preventing well pump surging is the size and capacity of the pressure tank. A larger tank can store more water and reduce the frequency of the pump cycling. The tank should be sized according to the flow rate and demand of the well system.

As a general guideline, the pressure tank should have a capacity of at least 2-3 times the flow rate of the pump. For example, if the pump has a flow rate of 10 gallons per minute (GPM), the pressure tank should have a capacity of at least 20-30 gallons.

It’s important to note that the size of the pressure tank can vary depending on the specific requirements of the well system, such as the depth of the well, the size of the pump, and the water usage patterns of the household.

Checking the Pump and Pressure Switch

In addition to the pressure tank, the well pump and the pressure switch should also be checked for any issues. The pressure switch should be set to the correct pressure range, typically between 20-40 psi for a standard well system.

The pump should be inspected for any mechanical problems or leaks. If the pump is not functioning properly, it can contribute to the well pump surging issue. In some cases, the pump may need to be repaired or replaced to resolve the problem.

Maintaining the Well System

Regular maintenance of the well system is crucial to prevent well pump surging and ensure the efficient and reliable operation of the system. This includes:

  1. Draining and refilling the pressure tank periodically to remove any sediment or debris.
  2. Checking the pump and pipes for any leaks or damage, and making any necessary repairs.
  3. Inspecting the pressure switch to ensure it is set to the correct pressure range.
  4. Monitoring the well system’s performance and addressing any issues promptly.

By following these steps and understanding the technical details of well pump surging, you can effectively diagnose and solve this common issue, ensuring the long-term reliability and performance of your well system.

References:

  1. How to Stop Water Pressure surges on well – YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4UAmrTxPRM
  2. Evaluation of Well Improvement and Water Quality Change before and after Air Surging: https://www.mdpi.com/1727730
  3. well pump pulsing – Love Plumbing & Remodel: https://www.terrylove.com/forums/index.php?threads/well-pump-pulsing.704991/
  4. Well Pump ???? Water Pulsing – GON Forum: https://forum.gon.com/threads/well-pump-water-pulsing.704991/
  5. Constant pressure well pump is pulsing: https://www.reddit.com/r/Plumbing/comments/19btwan/constant_pressure_well_pump_is_pulsing/