AlCl3 is commonly known as aluminum chloride or aluminum trichloride, a colorless crystal. HNO3 is nitric acid, and it is a strong acid. Let us see the reaction of HNO3 + AlCl3.
HNO3 is an inorganic compound; it is generally a colorless compound, but the older sample is sometimes found in yellow color due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen. AlCl3 has a low melting point; it produces and consumes aluminum metal.
Here, in this article, we will discuss some facts about the HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction, like net ionic reaction, type of reaction etc.
What is the product of HNO3 and AlCl3
Aluminum nitrate [Al(NO3)3] and hydrogen chloride (HCl) are formed in the HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction.
HNO3 + AlCl3 → HCl + Al(NO3)3
What type of reaction is HNO3 + AlCl3
HNO3 + AlCl3 is salt metathesis reaction.
How to balance HNO3 + AlCl3
The balance equation for HNO3 + AlCl3 is below
3 HNO3 + AlCl3 → 3 HCl + Al(NO3)3
- To balance the equation, we first count all the atoms on the reactant and product sides.
- a HNO3 + b AlCl3 → c HCl + d Al(NO3)3
- After that, we see a table below :
| Atom | Reactant Side | Product Side |
|---|---|---|
| H | 1 | 1 |
| N | 1 | 3 |
| O | 3 | 9 |
| Al | 1 | 1 |
| Cl | 3 | 1 |
- Now, we see that N, O, and Cl atom numbers are not the same on the reactant and product sides.
- If we add a= 3 and c=3, the equation is balanced properly.
- The balanced equation is
- 3 HNO3 + AlCl3 → 3 HCl + Al(NO3)3
HNO3 + AlCl3 titration
Titration is impossible in HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction because aluminum nitrate is formed in the reaction. Al(NO3)3 is a white salt, that’s why titration is not possible.
HNO3 + AlCl3 net ionic equation
Here no net ionic equation is present in HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction.
- At first, the soluble ionic compounds dissociate into the ions. Here no net ionic equation is present in HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction.
- 3 H+ + 3 NO3– + Al3+ + 3 Cl– = 3 H+ + 3 Cl– + Al3+ + 3 NO3–
- All are spectator ions, so all the ions cancel each other.
- Thus, no net ionic equation is possible.
HNO3 + AlCl3 conjugate pairs
The conjugate pairs of HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction is conjugate base of HNO3 is NO3–.
HNO3 and AlCl3 intermolecular forces
HNO3 and AlCl3 have intermolecular forces, which are shown below:
- HNO3 has dipole-dipole interaction and London dispersion force.
- AlCl3 has dipole-dipole interaction .
HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction enthalpy
The reaction enthalpy of the HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction is 427.43 KJ/mol
The standard enthalpy change of each of the components is below:
| Element | ΔfH° (KJ/mol) |
|---|---|
| HNO3 | -207 |
| AlCl3 | -705.63 |
| Al(NO3)3 | -318.0 |
| HCl | -167.2 |
- ΔfH°(reactant) = [-207+ (-705.63)] = -912.63 KJ/mol
- ΔfH°(product) = [-318.0+ (-167.2)] = -485.2 KJ/mol
- Reaction enthalpy = ΔfH°(product) – ΔfH°(reactant) = – 485.2 – (-912.63) = 427.43 KJ/mol
Is HNO3 + AlCl3 a buffer solution
HNO3 + AlCl3 is not a buffer solution because HNO3 is a strong acid, and we know that we need a weak acid and its conjugated salt to make a buffer solution.
Is HNO3 + AlCl3 a complete reaction
HNO3 + AlCl3 is a complete reaction. When the reaction happens, the aluminum nitrate is formed as a product, which is a salt.
Is HNO3 + AlCl3 an exothermic or endothermic reaction
HNO3 + AlCl3 is the endothermic reaction because we see from the enthalpy that there was a positive value.
Is HNO3 + AlCl3 a redox reaction
HNO3 + AlCl3 is not a redox reaction because a redox reaction occurs when the oxidation state of atoms is changed but here, no oxidation state changes after and before the reaction.
Is HNO3 + AlCl3 a precipitation reaction
HNO3 + AlCl3 is not a precipitation reaction because during the reaction product is formed in salt form.
Is HNO3 + AlCl3 reversible or irreversible reaction
HNO3 + AlCl3 is the irreversible reaction because a complete reaction is created.
Is HNO3 + AlCl3 displacement reaction
HNO3 + AlCl3 is a double displacement reaction or salt metathesis reaction. H is to replace Al with AlCl3 and make HCl. Al replaced H from HNO3 and made Al(NO3)3.
Conclusion
We can conclude from this article that the HNO3 + AlCl3 reaction is a double displacement reaction. In this reaction, titration is not possible.
Hi……I am Mrinmoyee Pal, I have completed my Bachelor’s degree in Chemistry from The University of Burdwan and currently I am doing my Master’s Degree in Chemistry from Rani Rashmoni Green University.
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